Which cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances

Subject : Chemistry

Question: Which cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances?

A) Compound

B) Element

C) Solution

D) Mixture

Expert Verified Solution:

The correct answer is:

B) Element

Explanation:

An element is a pure substance that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances. It consists of only one type of atom and is defined by its unique number of protons in its atomic nucleus. Examples of elements include hydrogen, oxygen, and gold.

In contrast:

A) Compound: A compound is a substance made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances (elements) through chemical reactions. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound that can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

C) Solution: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. It can be separated into its components by physical means, such as evaporation or filtration, but it is not a pure substance like an element.

D) Mixture: A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical means. Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform throughout) or heterogeneous (not uniform). They can be separated into their components without a chemical reaction.

Thus, an element is the only choice that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances.