What is a Monosaccharide? Simple Sugar Definition Explained

Subject : Science

Question:

What is a monosaccharide?

Expert Verified Solution:

A monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate and is often referred to as a simple sugar. It consists of a single sugar molecule and cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler sugars. Monosaccharides are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates. Common examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

• Glucose is a primary energy source for cells and is found in many foods.
• Fructose is found in fruits and honey and is often used as a sweetener.
• Galactose is less sweet and found in dairy products, where it combines with glucose to form lactose.

Monosaccharides play a crucial role in various biological processes, including energy production and cellular metabolism. They are absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the digestive tract and are used by cells for energy or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.