Very long and large organic molecules called

Subject : Biology

Question:

Very long and large organic molecules called?

Expert Verified Solution:

Very long and large organic molecules are called macromolecules. These molecules are typically composed of numerous smaller subunits called monomers, which are covalently bonded to form long chains or networks. Macromolecules include:

1. Polymers: These are macromolecules made from repeating units called monomers. Examples include proteins (made from amino acids), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA, made from nucleotides), and synthetic polymers like plastics.

2. Proteins: Composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, proteins have complex structures and perform a wide range of functions in living organisms.

3. Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA are nucleic acids made of nucleotide monomers. They store and transfer genetic information.

4. Polysaccharides: Carbohydrates like starch, cellulose, and glycogen are large macromolecules made from sugar units.