Key Role of the Nucleolus in the Cells Nucleus Explained
Subject : Biology
Question:
What small, dense body is found in the nucleus and is composed of RNA and protein?
A. Nucleoplasm
B. Nucleolus
C. Nuclear envelope
Expert Verified Solution:
The correct answer is B. Nucleolus.
The nucleolus is a small, dense structure located within the nucleus of a cell. It is primarily composed of RNA (ribonucleic acid) and proteins. The main functions of the nucleolus include the synthesis and assembly of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the formation of ribosomal subunits. These ribosomal subunits are then transported out of the nucleolus and into the cytoplasm, where they play a crucial role in protein synthesis.
Additional Information:
Nucleoplasm (A): This is the gel-like substance within the nucleus, which contains the nucleolus and other nuclear components.
Nuclear Envelope (C): This is the double membrane structure that surrounds and protects the nucleus but is not involved in the synthesis of RNA or protein.
The nucleolus is essential for ribosome production, which is vital for cellular protein synthesis and overall cell function.
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